I. Basic Requirements for Operators (The "Human" Factor is Key)

• Certified Operation: Operators must undergo professional training and obtain a Special Operation Qualification Certificate for Construction (Construction Hoist Driver) issued by the housing and urban-rural development department or other authorized institutions. Operation without a certificate is strictly prohibited.

• Good Health: No illnesses or physiological defects that hinder operation (such as high blood pressure, heart disease, color blindness, hearing impairment, etc.).

• Familiarity with Equipment: Operators must be thoroughly familiar with the model, performance, operating procedures, and site-specific safety regulations of the hoist they are operating.

• Strong Sense of Responsibility: Maintain a clear mind, concentrate on the operation, and strictly avoid playing, using mobile phones, or engaging in activities unrelated to operation while working.

II. Pre-Use Safety Inspections (Mandatory Daily)

Before each shift change or start of work, the following inspections must be carried out and recorded in the equipment operation inspection log:

• Foundation and Structure Inspection:

  • Check the ground foundation for water accumulation or settlement; ensure the protective fence is intact.

  • Check the guide rail mast sections and wall-tie frame connecting bolts for looseness; inspect the structure for deformation or cracks.

• Safety Device Inspection (Crucial!):

  • Safety Anti-Drop Device: Check the validity period (must undergo calibration testing annually) and ensure the triggering mechanism is normal.

  • Upper and Lower Limit Switches: Run the cage to the top and bottom floors respectively to check if the limit switches automatically cut off power and stop operation.

  • Final Limit Switch: Check if the final limit switch can cut off the main power supply in case the limit switch fails.

  • Door Interlock Devices: Check the effectiveness of the electrical interlock devices for the cage's single/double doors and the floor landing doors. The hoist should not be able to start if any door is not closed.

  • Emergency Stop Switch: Press the emergency stop button to check if it immediately cuts off the control power.

• Mechanical and Electrical Inspection:

  • Inspect wire ropes for broken wires, broken strands, corrosion, deformation, or other defects.

  • Check the gear and rack meshing for abnormalities and excessive wear.

  • Check if lubricating oil is sufficient at all lubrication points.

  • Inspect cables for damage or aging.

• Test Run:

  • Run a full cycle (up and down) empty to check for any unusual noises, vibrations, and ensure braking is sensitive and reliable.

III. Safe Operating Procedures

1. Loading and Unloading:

• Even Distribution: Materials should be evenly distributed on the cage floor; unbalanced loading is prohibited.

• Overloading Strictly Prohibited: Strictly operate within the rated load capacity (kg/number of persons) specified by the manufacturer. If the overload alarm sounds, operation must stop immediately, and excess load must be removed.

• Limit Prohibited: Materials transported must not exceed the cage's dimensional limits and must not block the cage door.

• Separation of People and Cargo: Mixing people and cargo is strictly prohibited (except for hoists designed for dual-purpose, which must still adhere to rated load limits). When transporting personnel, large materials must not be transported simultaneously.

2. During Operation:

• Close Cage Doors: Ensure all cage doors and landing doors are completely closed before starting.

• Clear Signals: Must use unified signals with floor signalers (preferably two-way radios). Do not operate without clear instructions.

• Smooth Operation: Start and brake smoothly; do not change direction abruptly. Decelerate in advance when approaching the top and bottom floors.

• Maintain Concentration: Constantly observe the operating condition and listen for any abnormal sounds. Monitor floor call signals.

• Civilized Riding: Inform passengers not to extend any part of their body outside the cage and not to jump or play inside the cage.

3. Upon Reaching a Floor:

• Only open the cage door and landing door after the hoist has come to a complete stop.

• When loading or unloading materials, the cage must be lowered to the ground, and the power must be cut off to prevent accidental operation by others.

IV. Prohibited Actions (Safety Red Lines)

• Operating overloaded or with excess passengers is strictly prohibited.

• Operation by uncertified personnel is strictly prohibited.

• Operation when safety devices are ineffective or malfunctioning is strictly prohibited.

• Operation under the influence of alcohol or when fatigued is strictly prohibited.

• Operation in severe weather (e.g., strong winds ≥ Force 6, heavy rain, dense fog, ice, snow) is strictly prohibited.

• Performing maintenance or lubrication while the hoist is running is strictly prohibited.

• Removing or bypassing (shorting) any safety device (such as door interlocks) is strictly prohibited. This is an extremely dangerous act!

• Opening the door before the cage has completely stopped is strictly prohibited.

• Using ladders, stools, or other tools inside the cage to gain height for work is strictly prohibited.

V. Common Hazards and Emergency Measures

1. Sudden Power Outage or Breakdown with Entrapment:

• Stay calm, inform ground personnel via the cage alarm or two-way radio.

• Wait patiently for professional rescue. Forcibly prying open the door or attempting to escape by climbing is strictly prohibited.

• Rescuers should manually release the motor brake and slowly slide the cage to the nearest floor (requires professional training).

2. Runaway Descent:

• Immediately press the buttons for all floors (in the hope that it might catch on one floor).

• Hold onto the handrail firmly, squat down, or adopt an impact-resistant posture to protect the head. The safety anti-drop device on modern hoists will automatically brake the cage when the speed exceeds the calibrated value; this is the most important protection.

3. Fire:

• Immediately stop operation and cut off the power supply.

• Use the fire extinguisher inside the cage for initial firefighting.

• Lower the cage to the ground floor as quickly as possible and evacuate personnel.